The patent EP2448548 was granted to The Procter & Gamble on Mar 1, 2017. The application was originally filed on Jul 22, 2010 under application number EP10737210A. The patent is currently recorded with a legal status of "Revoked".

Patent oppositions filed by competitors challenge the validity of a granted patent. These oppositions are typically based on claims of prior art, lack of novelty, or non-obviousness. They are a key part of the process for determining a patent's strength and enforceability.
Patent citations refer to prior patents cited during different phases such as opposition or international search.
| Citation Phase | Publication Number | 
|---|---|
| DESCRIPTION | EP1074262 | 
| DESCRIPTION | US2004175347 | 
| DESCRIPTION | US2006275237 | 
| DESCRIPTION | US2007161910 | 
| DESCRIPTION | US2008075340 | 
| DESCRIPTION | US3755560 | 
| DESCRIPTION | US4421769 | 
| INTERNATIONAL-SEARCH-REPORT | EP1997537 | 
| INTERNATIONAL-SEARCH-REPORT | FR2838340 | 
| INTERNATIONAL-SEARCH-REPORT | WO2009047443 | 
| INTERNATIONAL-SEARCH-REPORT | WO2010088225 | 
| INTERNATIONAL-SEARCH-REPORT | WO9826755 | 
| OPPOSITION | EP1074262 | 
| OPPOSITION | US2004219124 | 
| OPPOSITION | WO2010088225 | 
| OPPOSITION | WO2012011905 | 
NPL citations refer to non-patent references such as research papers, articles, or other publications cited during examination or opposition phases.
| Citation Phase | Reference Text | 
|---|---|
| DESCRIPTION | - MATTS, P.J. ET AL., "The Distribution of Melanin in Skin Determined In Vivo", BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, (200704), vol. 156, no. 4, pages 620 - 628 | 
| DESCRIPTION | - KINBALL, A.B. ET AL., "Reduction in the appearance of facial hyperpigmentation after use of moisturizers with a combination of topical niacinamide and N-acetyl glucosamine: results of a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study", BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, (201002), vol. 162, no. 2, doi:doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09477.x, pages 435 - 441, XP055352442 | 
| INTERNATIONAL-SEARCH-REPORT | - "Extra Concentrated Brightening Essence", GNPD, Mintel, (200804), Database accession no. 887317, XP002610976 [A] 1-10 * the whole document * | 
| INTERNATIONAL-SEARCH-REPORT | - "Laminaria saccharina extract", International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition, Washington, USA, The Cosmetics, Toiltery & Fragrance Association, (2006), ISBN 1-882626-34-4, XP002610983 [T] * the whole document * | 
| OPPOSITION | - Casas C., "Chapter 8.6 Vitamins", Casas C., Amparo Salvador and Alberto Chisvert, Analysis of Cosmetic Products, Elsevier B.V., (20070000), pages 364 - 379, ISBN 978-0-444-52260-3, XP055440295 | 
| OPPOSITION | - Dr Sarah Brewer, "Vitamin B3 benfits", Nutritional Medicine, (20130000), pages 1 - 12, URL: https://drsarahbrewer.com/a-z-of-vitamins/vitamin-b3, XP055440194 | 
| OPPOSITION | - "Extra Concentrated Brightening Essence", Mintel, (20080400), Database accession no. 887317, URL: GNPD, XP002610976 | 
| OPPOSITION | - Gervas Corporation, "Clear White Peel-Off T-Zone Mas", Mintel, (20040800), Database accession no. 291044, URL: GNPD, XP002610261 | 
| OPPOSITION | - Levin J. et al, "How much de we really know about our favorite cosmeceutical? ingredients?", Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, (20100200), vol. 3, no. 2, pages 22 - 41, XP055440291 | 
| OPPOSITION | - Procter&Gamble, "anti-aging night cream from Olay", Mintel, (20090600), Database accession no. 1122741, URL: GNPD, XP055440281 | 
| OPPOSITION | - "SEA VEGETABLES HEALTH BENEFITS AND MINERALS", Sunsamayal.com, (20130000), XP055440181 | 
| OPPOSITION | - Abbasi N.R. et al, "Early Diagnosis of Cutaneous Melanoma, Revisiting the ABCD Criteria", Journal American Medical Association, (20040812), vol. 292, no. 22, pages 2771 - 2776, XP055440160 | 
| OPPOSITION | - Bissett Donald L. et al, "Reduction in the appearance of facial hyperpigmentation by topical N- undecyl-10-enoyl-L-phenylalanine and its combination with niacinamide", Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, (20091125), vol. 8, no. 4, pages 260 - 266, XP009144669 | 
| OPPOSITION | - "A multi-gene molecular investigation of the kelp (laminariales, phaeophyceae) supports substantial Taxonomic re-organization", Journal of Phycology, (20060400), vol. 42, no. 2, pages 493 - 512, XP055440184 | 
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Abstract
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