Patent No. EP4036307 (titled "Apparatus And Method For The Preparation Of A Three-Dimensional Biodegradable Fibre Network Product Of Natural Organic Fibres, Said Product And Use Thereof") was filed by Fibritech SP Z OO on Feb 2, 2022. The application was issued on Jul 10, 2024.
An apparatus for preparing three-dimensional biodegradable fibre network products comprises a mould with a plurality of pores, an electromagnetic (EM) energy provider, and a controller. The mould is filled with foamed natural organic fibres in an aqueous solution. The controller manages EM energy (e.g., 24.00–24.25 GHz) to induce volumetric heating, generating steam and internal pressure build-up. This process evacuates liquid and steam through the pores, causing fibre reorientation and compaction. The arrangement, size, and distribution of pores control pressure gradients, allowing precise adjustment of the product's density, anisotropy, and stiffness. Non-fibrous additives, such as polysaccharides (agar, chitosan), may be used to stabilize foam and enhance mechanical strength. The resulting product typically features a density of 8–150 kg/m³ and porosity exceeding 90%.

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